杌熸场鑱氭皑閰櫦(f膩)娉″偓鍖栧姂鍦ㄥ櫞娑傛场娌腑鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢�

寮曡█锛氬緸涓€濉娾€滆粺绯栤€濊(shu艒)璧� 🧊

鎯宠薄涓€涓�锛屼綘璧伴€�(j矛n)涓€瀹跺鍏峰簵锛屾懜鍒颁竴寮垫矙鐧�(f膩)锛屾墜鎰熸煍杌熴€佸綀鎬у崄瓒�锛屽潗涓嬪幓灏卞儚闄烽€�(j矛n)涓€鏈典簯閲屻€備綘鐭ラ亾鍡�锛熼€欒儗鍚庡彲鑳介毐钘忚憲涓€绋濂囩殑鏉愭枡鈥斺€�鑱氭皑閰粺娉★紙Flexible Polyurethane Foam锛�銆�

鑰屽湪閫欏鈥滆粺绯栤€濊埇鑸掗仼鐨勮儗鍚庯紝鏈変竴绋湅浼间笉璧风溂鍗昏嚦闂�(gu膩n)閲嶈鐨勮鑹测€斺€�鐧�(f膩)娉″偓鍖栧姂銆傚畠灏卞儚鏄寲瀛�(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勨€滄寚鎻畼鈥�锛屾焙瀹氫簡鏁村€�(g猫)鐧�(f膩)娉￠亷(gu貌)绋嬫槸鍚﹂爢鍒┿€佹垚鍝佹槸鍚﹀悎鏍�銆佹€ц兘鏄惁閬�(d谩)妯�(bi膩o)銆�

浠婂ぉ鎴戝€戝氨渚�(l谩i)鑱婅亰锛�杌熸场鑱氭皑閰櫦(f膩)娉″偓鍖栧姂鍦�鍣存秱娉℃搏涓殑閭ｄ簺浜嬪厭銆傚垾鎿�(d膩n)蹇�锛屽挶涓嶆槸鎼炲(xu茅)琛�(sh霉)鍫�(b脿o)鍛�锛屽挶鏄敤澶х櫧瑭�(hu脿)璎涙晠浜嬶紝闋嗕究甯朵綘瑾�(r猫n)璀�(sh铆)骞惧€�(g猫)鈥滃偓鍖栧姂鐣岀殑鏄庢槦閬告墜鈥�銆�

涓€銆佷粈涔堟槸杌熸场鑱氭皑閰�锛熷張鏄€庝箞鈥滃惞鈥濊捣渚�(l谩i)鐨�锛�

1.1 杌熸场鑱氭皑閰殑鍩烘湰姒傚康 🌬️

杌熸场鑱氭皑閰�锛岃嫳鏂囧悕鍙仛 Flexible Polyurethane Foam锛岀啊(ji菐n)绋�(ch膿ng)FPF銆傚畠鏄竴绋瀛旀€ф潗鏂欙紝寤ｆ硾鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄤ簬搴婂銆佹矙鐧�(f膩)銆佹苯杌�(ch膿)搴ф銆佸寘瑁濈珐娌栨潗鏂欑瓑闋�(l菒ng)鍩�銆�

瀹冪殑鍩烘湰鍘熺悊鏄€氶亷(gu貌)澶氬厓閱囷紙Polyol锛夎垏澶氱暟姘伴吀閰紙Isocyanate锛夌櫦(f膩)鐢熷弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛屽湪鐧�(f膩)娉″姂鍜屽偓鍖栧姂鐨勪綔鐢ㄤ笅鐢熸垚姘ｉ珨锛屼娇鏉愭枡鑶ㄨ劰褰㈡垚澶氬瓟绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�

绨�(ji菐n)鍠粸(di菐n)瑾�(shu艒)锛屽氨鏄妸鍏╃ó娑查珨鍊掑湪涓€璧�锛岀劧鍚庡畠鍊戦枊(k膩i)濮嬧€滃啋娉℃场鈥�锛屽悗璁婃垚涓€澶у娴风犊銆�

1.2 鐧�(f膩)娉￠亷(gu貌)绋嬩腑鐨勪笁椐曢Μ杌�(ch膿)锛�

浜屻€佺櫦(f膩)娉″偓鍖栧姂锛氱湅涓嶈(ji脿n)鐨勫箷鍚庤嫳闆� 🎭

2.1 瀹冨埌搴曞共鍟ョ殑锛�

鐧�(f膩)娉″偓鍖栧姂鐨勪富瑕佷綔鐢ㄦ槸瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)鑱氭皑閰櫦(f膩)娉￠珨绯讳腑鍏╁€�(g猫)闂�(gu膩n)閸靛弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勯€熷害锛�

• 鍑濊啝鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛圙el Reaction锛�锛氳畵鏉愭枡璁婄‖锛屽舰鎴愰鏋讹紱
• 鐧�(f膩)娉″弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛圔low Reaction锛�锛氶噵鏀炬埃楂�锛屽舰鎴愭埃娉＄祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�

鐞嗘兂鎯呮硜涓嬶紝閫欏叐鍊�(g猫)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)瑕佸悓姝ラ€�(j矛n)琛�锛屼笉鑳戒竴鍊�(g猫)璺戝緱澶揩锛屽彟涓€鍊�(g猫)鎷栧悗鑵裤€傞€欏氨闇€瑕佸偓鍖栧姂渚�(l谩i)鍗�(xi茅)瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)濂忎簡銆�

2.2 甯歌(ji脿n)鍌寲鍔戦(l猫i)鍨� ⚗️

灏忚布澹細閬告搰鍌寲鍔戠殑鏅�(sh铆)鍊�锛岃鏍规摎(j霉)浣跨敤鍫�(ch菐ng)鏅締(l谩i)瀹氥€傛瘮濡傚櫞娑傛场娌皪(du矛)鎿嶄綔鏅�(sh铆)闁撹姹傞珮锛屽氨瑕侀伕寤堕伈鍨�锛涜€屽仛鎱㈠洖褰堟灂闋�锛屽墖鏇寸湅閲嶇櫦(f膩)娉℃晥鏋滃拰瀵嗗害鎺у埗銆�

涓夈€佸櫞娑傛场娌細鍌寲鍔戠殑鑸炶嚭(t谩i)鐧诲牬(ch菐ng) 🎨

3.1 浠€涔堟槸鍣存秱鑱氭皑閰场娌紙SPF锛�锛�

鍣存秱鑱氭皑閰场娌紙Spray Polyurethane Foam锛岀啊(ji菐n)绋�(ch膿ng)SPF锛夋槸涓€绋従(xi脿n)鍫�(ch菐ng)鏂藉伐鐨勪繚婧殧鐔辨潗鏂�锛屽唬娉涚敤浜庡缓绛戝澧�銆佸眿闋�銆佸喎搴�(k霉)銆佺閬撲繚婧瓑宸ョ▼銆�

瀹冨ぇ鐨勭壒榛�(di菐n)灏辨槸锛�鍗冲櫞鍗崇櫦(f膩)娉�锛岀劇(w煤)闇€妯″叿锛岄仼鎳�(y墨ng)鍚勭ó寰�(f霉)闆滃舰鐙€锛屾柦宸ユ晥鐜囨サ楂樸€�

3.2 鍣存秱娉℃搏鐐轰綍闆笉闁�(k膩i)鍌寲鍔�锛�

鍣存秱娉℃搏璎涚┒鐨勬槸鈥滃揩婧�(zh菙n)鐙犫€濓細

• 蹇€熻捣娉� 鈫� 姘ｉ珨杩呴€熺敘(ch菐n)鐢�锛屼繚璀夐珨绌嶏紱
• 蹇€熷浐鍖� 鈫� 琛ㄩ潰涓嶇矘鎵�锛屾柟渚垮悗绾�(x霉)鏂藉伐锛�
• 鏅�(sh铆)闁撳彲鎺� 鈫� 涓嶈兘澶揩涔熶笉鑳藉お鎱�锛屽惁鍓囧鏄撳娉℃垨娴佹帥銆�

鎵€浠�锛屽偓鍖栧姂鍦ㄩ€欓噷灏辩浉鐣�(d膩ng)浜庘€滅瘈(ji茅)鎷嶅櫒鈥�锛屾帶鍒舵暣鍊�(g猫)鐧�(f膩)娉＄瘈(ji茅)濂�銆�

鍥涖€佸櫞娑傛场娌腑甯哥敤鍌寲鍔戜竴瑕借〃 📊

浠ヤ笅鏄竴浜涘湪鍣存秱娉℃搏涓父鐢ㄧ殑鐧�(f膩)娉″偓鍖栧姂鍙婂叾鍏稿瀷鍙冩暩(sh霉)锛�

鍥�銆佸櫞娑傛场娌腑甯哥敤鍌寲鍔戜竴瑕借〃 📊

浠ヤ笅鏄竴浜涘湪鍣存秱娉℃搏涓父鐢ㄧ殑鐧�(f膩)娉″偓鍖栧姂鍙婂叾鍏稿瀷鍙冩暩(sh霉)锛�

娉細pphp = parts per hundred polyol锛屽嵆姣忕櫨浠藉鍏冮唶鎵€鍔犲偓鍖栧姂浠芥暩(sh霉)銆�

浜�銆佸奖闊垮偓鍖栧姂閬告搰鐨勯棞(gu膩n)閸靛洜绱� 🔍

5.1 鏂藉伐鐠�(hu谩n)澧冩韩搴﹁垏婵曞害

婧害瓒婇珮锛屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)瓒婂揩锛岄€欐檪(sh铆)鍊欏氨闇€瑕佸欢閬插瀷鍌寲鍔戜締(l谩i)鈥滈檷婧€�锛涘弽涔嬶紝鍐ぉ鏂藉伐灏辫鍔犲揩鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)閫熷害銆�

5.2 瑷�(sh猫)鍌欏鍔涜垏娣峰悎姣斾緥

鍣存秱瑷�(sh猫)鍌欓€氬父閲囩敤楂樺鐒�(w煤)姘ｅ櫞娑傜郴绲�(t菕ng)锛屾贩鍚堟瘮渚嬪繀闋堢簿婧�(zh菙n)锛屽惁鍓囧偓鍖栧姂澶辨晥锛屽悗鏋滃毚(y谩n)閲�銆�

5.3 娉℃搏鎬ц兘瑕佹眰

• 闁�(k膩i)瀛旀场娌�锛氭敞閲嶉€忔埃鎬у拰鍚搁煶鎬�锛屽偓鍖栧姂鍋�(c猫)閲嶇櫦(f膩)娉″弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛�
• 闁夊瓟娉℃搏锛氬挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)闃叉按鍜屽挤(qi谩ng)搴�锛屽偓鍖栧姂鍋�(c猫)閲嶅嚌鑶犲弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�

鍏�銆佸(sh铆)鎴�(zh脿n)妗堜緥鍒嗕韩锛氫竴娆″け鏁楃殑鍣存秱鏁欒〒(x霉n) 😅

瑷樺緱鏈変竴娆℃垜鍊�?n猫i)銈广仌鍒堥阿濞℃复鈹曘亙顑榊(ji茅)鏋滃墰鍣村畬娌�(m茅i)澶氫箙锛屾场娌氨闁�(k膩i)濮嬪線涓嬫穼锛屽儚铻嶅寲鐨勫啺娣囨穻涓€妯�銆傚悗渚�(l谩i)涓€鏌�锛屽師渚�(l谩i)鏄偓鍖栧姂閰嶆瘮鍑洪尟(cu貌)浜�锛岀敤浜嗗お澶氬欢閬插瀷鍌寲鍔�锛屽皫(d菐o)鑷村弽鎳�(y墨ng)澶參锛岄倓娌�(m茅i)渚�(l谩i)寰楀強鍑濆浐灏辨祦涓嬩締(l谩i)浜�銆�

閫欏憡瑷存垜鍊戜竴鍊�(g猫)閬撶悊锛�鍌寲鍔戜笉鏄秺澶氳秺濂�锛屼篃涓嶆槸瓒婅泊瓒婂ソ锛岃€屾槸瑕佲€滃墰鍓涘ソ鈥濄€�

涓�銆佹湭渚�(l谩i)瓒ㄥ嫝(sh矛)锛氱稜鑹插偓鍖栥€佹櫤鑳借(di脿o)鎺� 🌱🤖

闅ㄨ憲鐠�(hu谩n)淇濇硶瑕�(gu墨)鏃ョ泭鍤�(y谩n)鏍�锛屾湭渚�(l谩i)鐨勫偓鍖栧姂鐧�(f膩)灞曟柟鍚戜篃鍦ㄦ倓鐒惰畩鍖栵細

• 浣嶸OC鎺掓斁鍌寲鍔�锛氭笡灏戞湁瀹虫埃楂旀彯鐧�(f膩)锛�
• 姘存€у偓鍖栧姂锛氭洿鍔犵挵(hu谩n)淇�锛�
• 鏅鸿兘闊挎噳(y墨ng)鍨嬪偓鍖栧姂锛氬彲鏍规摎(j霉)婧繒搴﹁嚜鍕�(d貌ng)瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)閫熺巼锛�
• 鐢熺墿鍩哄偓鍖栧姂锛氫締(l谩i)婧愪簬妞嶇墿鎻愬彇鐗�锛屽彲闄嶈В銆佸彲鎸佺簩(x霉)銆�

閫欎簺鏂板瀷鍌寲鍔戞鍦ㄩ€愭閫�(j矛n)鍏ュ競鍫�(ch菐ng)锛屾湭渚�(l谩i)鍣存秱娉℃搏琛屾キ(y猫)灏囪繋渚�(l谩i)涓€鍫�(ch菐ng)鈥滅稜鑹查潻鍛解€�銆�

鍏€佺祼(ji茅)瑾�(y菙)锛氬偓鍖栧姂闆栧皬锛屼綔鐢ㄥ法澶� 🌟

鍥為¨鏁寸瘒鏂囩珷锛屾垜鍊戝彲浠ュ緱鍑轰竴鍊�(g猫)绲�(ji茅)璜栵細鐧�(f膩)娉″偓鍖栧姂闆栫劧鍙槸鑱氭皑閰厤鏂逛腑鐨勪竴灏忛儴鍒�锛屼絾瀹冨嵒鏄焙瀹氭垚鏁楃殑闂�(gu膩n)閸靛洜绱犱箣涓€銆�

鐒�(w煤)璜栨槸瀹堕噷鐨勬矙鐧�(f膩)锛岄倓鏄伐寤�(ch菐ng)鐨勪繚婧堡锛岄兘闆笉闁�(k膩i)閫欎簺鈥滈毐褰㈣嫳闆勨€濈殑榛橀粯浠樺嚭銆傚畠鍊戜笉鍍呮帉鎺ц憲鐧�(f膩)娉＄瘈(ji茅)濂�锛岄倓鐩存帴褰遍熆绲傜敘(ch菐n)鍝佺殑鎬ц兘銆佹垚鏈拰鐠�(hu谩n)淇濇寚妯�(bi膩o)銆�

鎵€浠�锛屼笅娆＄暥(d膩ng)浣犺汉鍦ㄦ煍杌熺殑娌欑櫦(f膩)涓婃垨鑰呰蛋閫�(j矛n)鍐殩澶忔都鐨勫缓绛戞檪(sh铆)锛屼笉濡ㄦ兂涓€鎯筹細閫欒儗鍚�锛屾垨瑷辨湁涓€浣嶁€滃寲瀛�(xu茅)鎸囨彯瀹樷€濇鍦ㄦ倓鎮勭偤浣犳湇鍕�(w霉)鍛紒

涔�銆佸弮鑰冩枃鐛�(xi脿n)锛堝湅(gu贸)鍏�(n猫i)澶栨瑠(qu谩n)濞佽硣鏂欐帹钖︼級📚

鍦�(gu贸)鍏�(n猫i)鏂囩嵒(xi脿n)锛�

1. 鐜嬪缓鍦�(gu贸)锛屻€婅仛姘ㄩ叝鏉愭枡鑸囧伐钘濄€�锛屽寲瀛�(xu茅)宸ユキ(y猫)鍑虹増绀�锛�2021骞�
2. 鏉庢槑绛�锛屻€婅仛姘ㄩ叝鍣存秱娉℃搏鎶€琛�(sh霉)鐧�(f膩)灞曠従(xi脿n)鐙€銆嬶紝銆婁腑鍦�(gu贸)濉戞枡銆嬬35鍗�锛�2021骞�
3. 寮靛亯锛屻€婄挵(hu谩n)淇濆瀷鑱氭皑閰偓鍖栧姂鐮旂┒閫�(j矛n)灞曘€嬶紝銆婂寲宸ユ柊鍨嬫潗鏂欍€嬬49鍗�锛�2021骞�

鍦�(gu贸)澶栨枃鐛�(xi脿n)锛�

1. G. Oertel (Ed.), Polyurethane Handbook, Hanser Gardner Publications, 2nd Edition, 1994
2. Joseph F. Koleske et al., Paint and Coatings: Applications and Correlations, William Andrew, 2012
3. Rainer H?fer (Ed.), Green Chemistry for Surface Coatings, Inks and Adhesives, Springer, 2020
4. ASTM D7421-19, Standard Test Method for Determining the Reactivity of Isocyanate-Containing Materials Using a Hand-Mix Technique

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